Heat treatment improves not only the strength property of the material but also its surface quality in the hard turning process. This material can reach a hardness of 45–55 HRC after heat treatment. AISI H11 is a widely used chromium hot work tool steel and has a place of importance in hard turning due to its rigidity and durability. This situation provides advantages in terms of money and time. In the hard turning process, grinding quality or a better surface quality is obtained without grinding. It is an exceedingly difficult and delicate procedure. Hard turning is the phenomenon of machining at very high cutting speeds. Hard turning has been an important research topic in recent years. Finally, regression coefficients were determined as a mathematical model, and it was observed that this estimated model gave results that were very similar to those achieved with real experiment (correlation values: 97.64% for surface roughness, 98.72% for energy consumption, 97.22% for electric current value, and 91.38% for sound intensity level). In addition, the cutting depth was the most effective parameter on both electric current (52.20%) and energy consumption (46.15%). The results show that while the most effective parameter on the surface roughness was the feed rate (88.62%), the most effective parameter on the sound intensity level was the cutting speed (44.92%). The relationship between cutting parameters and output variables was analyzed with two-dimensional and three-dimensional graphics. Optimum cutting parameters and levels were determined according to these optimum values. The effects of the cutting parameters on surface roughness, energy consumption, electric current value, and sound intensity level were investigated. A total of 27 experiments were modeled utilizing full factorial design and were carried out using a CNC lathe. The analyses were carried out by applying response surface methodology with the analysis of variance method.

In this experimental study, AISI H11 hot work tool steel that has been hardened up to 50 HRC was subjected to hard turning tests with coated carbide tooling.

In recent years, hard turning, an alternative to grinding, which provides low cost and good surface quality, has become an attractive method to the manufacturers.

Turning vs. grinding